THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

 

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

The primary role is to provide essential nutrients, minerals, and hormones to various parts of the body. Alternatively, the circulatory system is also responsible for collecting metabolic waste and toxins from the cells and tissues to be purified or expelled from the body.

The human circulatory system consists of a network of arteries, veins, and capillaries, with the heart pumping blood through it beside the organ is:

HEART BLOOD, BLOOD VESSEL, AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

The human heart is separated into four chambers; namely, two upper chambers called atria (singular: atrium), and two lower chambers called ventricles.

The way blood flows in the human body is unique, and it is quite efficient too. The blood circulates through the heart twice; hence, it is called double circulation. The main advantage of double circulation is that every tissue in the body has a steady supply of oxygenated blood, and it does not get mixed with the deoxygenated blood.

so, in DOUBLE CIRCULALTION, there are Systemic circulation and Pulmonary circulation.

Systemic Circuit moves blood between the heart and the rest of the body tissues and back to the heart again -oxygenated blood enters the tissues -deoxygenated blood returns to the heart.

Pulmonary Circuit moves blood between the heart and the lungs and back to the heart again -deoxygenated blood enters the lungs -oxygenated blood goes back to the heart.

the blood type in our body is divided into three types: The human body consists of three types of blood cells, namely: red blood cells (RBC) / Erythrocytes Red blood cells are mainly involved in transporting oxygen, nutrients, and other substances to various parts of the body. These blood cells also remove waste from the body. White blood cells (WBC) / Leukocytes White blood cells are specialized cells, which function as a body’s defence system. They provide immunity by fending off pathogens and harmful microorganisms. Platelets / Thrombocytes Platelets are cells that help to form clots and stop bleeding. They act on the site of an injury or a wound.

so, in term of blood function, the function of blood is to bring nutrients, hormones, minerals, and other essential components to different parts of the body.

Blood Vessel Blood vessels are a network of pathways through which blood travels throughout the body. Arteries and veins are the two primary types of blood vessels in the circulatory system of the body. Arteries are blood vessels that transport oxygenated blood from the heart to various parts of the body. They are thick, elastic and are divided into a small network of blood vessels called capillaries. The only exception to this is the pulmonary arteries, which carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs. Veins are blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart from various parts of the body. They are thin, elastic and are present closer to the surface of the skin. However, pulmonary, and umbilical veins are the only veins that carry oxygenated blood in the entire body.

LYMPHATIC SYSTME= TISSUE FLUID It is produced by the lymphatic system which comprises a network of interconnected organs, nodes, and ducts. Lymph is a colourless fluid consisting of salts, proteins, water, which transport and circulates digested food and absorbed fat to intercellular spaces in the tissues.

systemic: left ventricle - ascending aorta - aortic arc - descending aorta

pulmonary: right ventricle - pulmonary trunk - lung - left atrium

Anomia is when your blood pressure is below 80 and Hypertense is when your blood pressure is over 140. The average blood pressure of 80-120.

High blood pressure can lead to stroke and low blood pressure can lead to brain damage and passing out.

Leukaemia is a blood cancer which is when there is too much white blood because the body/tissue start to only produce white blood instead of red blood because of the cancer which can lead to death.

Thalassemia An inherited blood disorder characterized by the formation of abnormal form of haemoglobin. It causes tiredness, yellowish skin, dark urine, abdominal swelling, and facial bone deformities. THALASSEMIA IS GENETIC DISEASE.

Haemophilia is a mostly inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body’s ability to make blood clots, a process needed to stop bleeding. This results in people bleeding for longer time.

AIDS is a viral infection that can spread between humans, and it attacks the body and can cause other infection.

Heart attack can occur when your heart vessel is blocked which can lead you to pass out and the symptoms pain, dizzy, breathing difficulties, nausea, getting fatigue easily (smoking increase the chance of a heart attack).